Name three core constructs of the Health Belief Model.

• A. Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers
• B. Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits
• C. Self-efficacy and observational learning
• D. Perceived barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy

Answer: (B)

The Health Belief Model explains why people decide to take preventive actions by looking at beliefs about risk, seriousness, and the benefits of taking action. Among its key constructs, perceived susceptibility (belief about the chance of getting the condition), perceived severity (belief about how serious the condition would be), and perceived benefits (belief that taking action will reduce risk or consequences) are the trio most often taught as core drivers of motivation to act. These beliefs directly influence whether a person decides to act.

Other options mix in elements that are not part of that same core trio. Perceived barriers are important, but the combination of susceptibility, severity, and benefits best captures the motivation to act based on risk and outcome expectations. Self-efficacy is recognized in many versions of the model, but observational learning comes from a different theory, and cues to action are triggers rather than beliefs about risk or benefit.